Had COVID? You’ll Probably Make Antibodies for a Lifetime
Researchers have identified long-lived antibody-producing cells in the bone marrow of the previously infected
Many people who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 will probably make antibodies against the virus for most of their lives. So suggest researchers who have identified long-lived antibody-producing cells in the bone marrow of people who have recovered from COVID-191.
The study provides evidence that immunity triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection will be extraordinarily long-lasting. Adding to the good news, “the implications are that vaccines will have the same durable effect”, says Menno van Zelm, an immunologist at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia.
Antibodies — proteins that can recognize and help to inactivate viral particles — are a key immune defence. After a new infection, short-lived cells called plasmablasts are an early source of antibodies.
But these cells recede soon after a virus is cleared from the body, and other, longer-lasting cells make antibodies: memory B cells patrol the blood for reinfection, while bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs) hide away in bones, trickling out antibodies for decades.
“A plasma cell is our life history, in terms of the pathogens we’ve been exposed to,” says Ali Ellebedy, a B-cell immunologist at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, who led the study, published in Nature on 24 May.
Researchers presumed that SARS-CoV-2 infection would trigger the development of BMPCs — nearly all viral infections do — but there have been signs that severe COVID-19 might disrupt the cells’ formation2. Some early COVID-19 immunity studies also stoked worries, when they found that antibody levels plunged not long after recovery3.
Ellebedy’s team tracked antibody production in 77 people who had recovered from mostly mild cases of COVID-19. As expected, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies plummeted in the four months after infection. But this decline slowed, and up to 11 months after infection, the researchers could still detect antibodies that recognized the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
To identify the source of the antibodies, Ellebedy’s team collected memory B cells and bone marrow from a subset of participants. Seven months after developing symptoms, most of these participants still had memory B cells that recognized SARS-CoV-2. In 15 of the 18 bone-marrow samples, the scientists found ultra-low but detectable populations of BMPCs whose formation had been triggered by the individuals’ coronavirus infections 7–8 months before. Levels of these cells were stable in all five people who gave another bone-marrow sample several months later.
“This is a very important observation,” given claims of dwindling SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, says Rafi Ahmed, an immunologist at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, whose team co-discovered the cells in the late 1990s. What’s not clear is what antibody levels will look like in the long term and whether they offer any protection, Ahmed adds. “We’re early in the game. We’re not looking at five years, ten years after infection.”
Ellebedy’s team has observed early signs that Pfizer’s mRNA vaccine should trigger the production of the same cells4. But the persistence of antibody production, whether elicited by vaccination or by infection, does not ensure long-lasting immunity to COVID-19. The ability of some emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants to blunt the protective effects of antibodies means that additional immunizations may be needed to restore levels, says Ellebedy. “My presumption is, we will need a booster.”
References
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Turner, J. S. et al. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03647-4 (2021).
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Kaneko, N. et al. Cell 183, 143–157 (2020).
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Long, Q.-X. et al. Nature Med. 26, 1200–1204 (2020).
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Ellebedy, A. et al. Preprint at Research Square https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-310773/v1 (2021).
Source: Nature.com
‘Additional immunizations’ … I’d rather die than go down this road.
Just out of curiosity i had myself tested for antibodies recently. And almost 16 months after I had ‘the rona’, I still have antibodies in my blood.
Any serious research shows vaccinations never worked. Improved living conditions, sanitation and food availability was the mover.
No one has died of novel covid as it does not exist. This is not opinion,,, this is fact.
The drug manufacturers (pharma) and the distributors (corpgov medical nazis) and the pushers (quacks) colluding in the largest fraud in world history. Doubtful the courts can correct this as they are completely corrupted as well.
The whole scheme has been in the works since 1999. See the video with Dr David Martin who elegantly uncovers the mess with documentation using patent filings to prove his points. It is 1hr20min but worth every minute if you want to know what the hell is going on. He seems on the up and up to me anyhow. Give it a try….
https://www.bitchute.com/video/v9IcFa1NVyyg/
“No one has died of novel covid as it does not exist. This is not opinion,,, this is fact.”
Yeah it does – except it’s not novel, it’s been in the labs and patent offices for years.
The video you linked actually confirms this.
On the other hand, you’re quite right, no-one has died from it. That’s the “vaccine’s” job.
Pure malevolent genius.
The CDC admits the SARS-CoV-2 virus does NOT exist (ref: nomorefakenews.com). The virus has NOT been isolated, much less proven to be a contagion. Viruses are actually “exosomes”, part of our immune response (regeneration system).
People are probably being distracted – wasting precious energy – on the issue of whether the Corona Chan “virus” actually exists. Suffice to say that, yes, money and resources were put into “gain of function” research directed at some coronavirus or other, but (whatever the truth) that’s ulitmately unimportant. Just one more in layer upon layer of red herrings to keep us all chasing our tails while our Globalist Masters go on unhindered with their evil plans.
Ain’t no naughty coronavirus (“novel” or otherwise) that’s maiming and killing people all over the planet right now. Most likely never was.
The clear and present danger is the Corona Chan “vaccines” being shoved down our colleective throats by every conceivable layer of government, medical and regulatory beauracracy in collusion with the media and Big Pharma cartels, all dancing to the tune of creepy Bill and his Mini-Me Fauci and Uncle Klaus and the rest of the Davos crowd.
Premeditated global genocide.
Stew Peters interviews Dr. David Martin on the Corona Chan Genocide
(4 separate links to the same video, just for good measure)
https://www.lewrockwell.com/2021/07/no_author/exclusive-dr-david-martin-just-ended-covid-fauci-doj-politicians-in-one-interview/
https://www.redvoicemedia.com/video/2021/07/vaxx-deaths-45000-cdc-whistleblower-dr-david-martin-ends-covid-narrative/
https://rumble.com/embed/vhg5t0
https://sp.rmbl.ws/s8/2/c/0/J/a/c0Jac.caa.mp4
Well,thankfully, Naproxen blocks SARS all strains.
I cannot receive vaccines as I am a Christian and the practice is a violation of my faith.
20 odd years ago I had West Nile Fever. Every single year since the Red Cross has called me to ask for my blood because it cures West Nile Encephalitis duer to the antibodies I will produce for the rest of my life.
There was no pandemic. The USA is cursed with liars in charge.
The finding is correct.
No man made vaccine can provide the immunity than those provide by the infection of the disease.
Try as one might to argue against that is akin to pissing up the wind.